A lot of resources rely on what is known as metadata to store art and to make it searchable. Metadata contains valuable information about the creator (known as an agent), date created, style, and even down to aspect such as inscriptions on the paintings to the material used to create it. Utilizing common questions asked in metadata standards can help to find specific art and photos. For more on the standards used to store art and photos, see the Visual Resources Association's VRA Core Standards for art as well as the International Press Telecommunications Council (IPTC)'s photo metadata standards for photos.
Oftentimes, music data can be found by considering adjacent disciplines. For example, music education data is often found on education data resources while music therapy can use some of the history databases to find some statistics or data that they are looking for. Finding professional associations related to specific art industries can be helpful as well, as they often put together various reports that include statistics and data (see the Smarthistory Center for Public Art History, for example) .
One unique element about the arts is that art and photos themselves are data in their own right. Some of the ways data appears in these disciplines includes:
1. The works of a particular artist/photographer or works in a similar style
2. Metadata associated with a given work (ex. when it was created, who created it, etc.)
3. Art and photography industry data (ex. price of the artwork, gala/events data, etc.)